Understanding fashion chapter 3.1

UNIT 3.1 

UNDERSTANDING FASHION 

CATEGORIES OF CLOTHING - HAUTE COUTURE - READY-TO-WEAR DESIGNER LABELS AND - MASS - PRODUCED READY TO WEAR

https://youtu.be/iPFbU9F6V3k

https://youtu.be/_pgfLIgljrU

HAUTE COUTURE LA CHAMBRE SYNDICALE DE LA COUTURE PARISIENNE CAMERA NAZIONALE DELL' ALTA MODA ITALIANA

MASS PRODUCED, READY TO WEAR GARMENTS

 

Curved seam

Plain Seam

Employbility Skills Class XI - Entrepreneurship Skills

Entrepreneurship Skills

Q1: What is business?
-      Business is an economic activity which is related with continuous and regular production and distribution of goods and services for satisfying human wants.
-      Businesses can be for- profit entities or non- profit organizations.
-      Businesses cater to the needs of the society.

Q2: Who are entrepreneurs?
-     An entrepreneur is a person who is self- employed, is willing to take a calculated risk and brings in a new idea idea to start a business. But all self- employed persons are not entrepreneurs. A shopkeeper can be called as an entrepreneur if he introduces a new method or idea to sell his products.
-    An entrepreneur is an individual who understands the gap between what is needed and what is available. He uses the gap as an opportunity to take risk and fill the gap by providing necessary products and services.

Q3: What is entrepreneurship?
-     Entrepreneurship is the process of developing a business plan, launching and running a business using innovation to meet customer needs and to make a profit.

Q4. What is an enterprise?
-    An enterprise is a project or undertaking that is bold and fulfills a need of the society which no one has ever addressed.

garment making - fibers and fabrics

1. What is a fiber?
           OR
     Define fiber(s).

   Fibers are the basic component of a garment. Fibers are twisted together to form a yarn and later yarns are woven or knitted to develop a fabric. Each fiber has it unique characteristic(s). Fabric character can be altered with the help of yarn structure or the type of weave used to develop it or even the type of finish that is given to the fabric.

2. What are the different type or categories of fibers?

    Types or characteristics of fibers:-

    (a) Natural Fibers
    (b) Man made Fibers
    (c) Blended Fibers

Natural Fibers:- are procured from natural resources like animal and plant sources. example:- cotton, linen from plant and wool, silk from animal.

Synthetic Fibers:- or man- made fibers:- are developed in chemical solutions. They are forced through tiny holes into chemical bath or air chamber, they further harden into long ropes of fibers that are later woven or knitted to develop fabric. example:- nylon, acrylic.

Blended fibers:- are developed by blending both natural and man- made fibers to develop a blended fabric that has characteristics of both the fibers but the fiber present in higher percentage dominates the characteristics of the final fabric. example:- Terrycot ( cotton 65% and terylene 35%).

3. Differentiate between natural and man- made fibers.

Natural Fibers:-

Natural fibers are made from natural resources like plant and animal source.

Natural fibers have irregularities and sensitivity which is an inherent property of natural fibers. The inherent qualities of a natural fiber contribute to its beauty.

Man- made fibers:-

Man- made fibers are made with the help of chemicals as the chemical solution is forced through tiny holes into chemical bath or air chamber, it then hardens into a long rope that is later woven or knitted to form fabric.

Man- made fibers are more elastic less wrinkle resistant than natural fibers.


4. List the one advantage and one disadvantage of natural and man-made fibers.

Natural Fibers:-

Advantage:- Natural fibers are more absorbent and breathe due to the porous structure. So, they are more responsive to climatic changes in temperature as well as humidity. This is the reason why natural fibers are considered more comfortable under various climatic conditions.

Disadvantage:- Natural fibers like cotton and linen are less elastic and tend to wrinkle easily. If it is treated or a wrinkle- resistant finish is given to it then it wrinkles less.
An example of wrinkle- resistant finish is Mercerized Cotton. In this finish chemical is not applied but cotton is spun at a very high tension to provide luster and sheen in the yarn and to make it more supple and wrinkle- resistant.


Man- made Fibers:-

Advantage:- Man- made fibers are elastic and wrinkle- resistant.

Disadvantage:- Man- made fibers are less porous than natural fibers and so are uncomfortable during hot and humid climatic conditions.

5. What is thermoplasticity?

    Nylon is a thermoplastic fabric.
    Thermoplasticity means moulding a fabric to create interesting textures and design variations by passing it through controlled temperature and pressure.
     Thermoplastic designs are also called as heat- set designs or prints.
     Japanese mastered the art of heat- set pleating.

6. What is heat- set pleating?

    Japanese designers explored the art of heat- set pleating.
    Permanent pleating can be given at any stage of garment development i.e. at fiber stage, yarn stage or the final fabric stage.

Industrial Revolution/ Fashion/ Textiles/ Fashion Studies/History of fashion

Industrial Revolution

Before industrialization of fabric production, its cost was high. And high cost prohibited most people from possessing too many clothes. So, most people had to spin their own yarns, weave and knit their own fabrics and then sew their own clothes in their free time.

Lower classes could not afford to buy fine weaves so were forced to wear homespun clothes.

Industrial Revolution transformed England rapidly. With the inventions in the field of apparel like development of spinning and weaving machines increased the process of garment production. Industrialization led to riots and then certain laws were also passed to stop the implementation of machinery at large scale as this could lead to unemployment.

Contributors to change:-

1. Opening of new markets in Spanish colonies
2. Abundant imports of Indian cotton and
3. Extension of French silk mills

Changes that occured due to Industrialization

1. Manchester transformed itself from a market town to the centre of the cotton industry.
2. Norwich produced wool and coventry silk.
3. Opening world market for England due to fall in prices.

Block/ Pattern Making

Block

Block is also called as a Sloper.

Sloper is a very basic set of pattern pieces that are used to make or develop additional patterns of any styles.

Block refers to paper cutting of basic bodice, basic skirt, basic sleeve or any basic pattern from which other designs can be developed.

Block represents dimensions of a specific form or figure. 

Block has darts to fit the contours of a body, it doesn't have design features, it doesn't have seam allowances. 

Block is the foundation for pattern development.

One needs to choose correct block for design development as it saves time during new design development and also affects the final shape. 

Basic Block can be drafted to fit individual figures by using personal measurements instead of standard measurements.

Important information that is present of a block are:-

1.  Name of the Block eg:- Basic Bodice Block Front, Skirt Front, Basic Block Back etc.

2.  Grainline

3.  Size eg:- 32, 34, 36 or S, M, L